5,273 research outputs found
Voting over Selective Immigration Policies with Immigration Aversion
Selective immigration policies set lower barriers to entry for skilled workers. However, simple economic intuition suggests that skilled majorities should welcome unskilled immigrants and protect skilled natives. This paper studies the voting over a selective policy in a two-country, three-factor model with skilled and unskilled labor, endogenous migration decisions, costly border enforcement and aversion to immigration. Results show that heterogeneity in capital distribution forces skilled voters to form a coalition with unskilled voters, who become pivotal. The voting outcome is therefore biased towards the preferences of the latter, and consists in a selective protectionism. Finally, immigration aversion helps to explain why skilled majorities do not bring down entry barriers against unskilled workers.selective immigration policies, multidimensional voting, cultural preferences, Condorcet winner
Voting over Selective Immigration Policies with Immigration Aversion
The claim that "skilled immigration is welcome" is often associated to the increasing adoption of selective immigration policies. I study the voting over differentiated immigration policies in a two-country, three-factor one-period model where there exist skilled and unskilled workers, migration decisions are endogenous, enforcing immigration restriction is costly, and natives dislike unskilled immigration. According to my findings, decisions over border closure are made to protect the median voter when her capital endowment is sufficiently small. Therefore I argue that the professed favour for skilled immigration veils the protection for the insiders. This result is confirmed by the observation that entry is rationed for both skilled and unskilled workers. Moreover, immigration aversion helps to explain the existence of entry barriers for unskilled workers in countries where the majority of voters is skilled.Selective immigration policies, multidimensional voting, Condorcet winner.
Voting over Selective Immigration Policies with Immigration Aversion
The claim that "skilled immigration is welcome" is often associated to the increasing adoption of selective immigration policies. I study the voting over differentiated immigration policies in a two-country, three-factor general equilibrium model where there exist skilled and unskilled workers, migration decisions are endogenous, enforcing immigration restriction is costly, and natives dislike unskilled immigration. According to my findings, decisions over border closure are made to protect the median voter when her capital endowment is sufficiently small. Therefore I argue that the professed favour for skilled immigration veils the protection for the insiders. This result is confirmed by the observation that entry is rationed for both skilled and unskilled workers. Moreover, immigration aversion helps to explain the existence of entry barriers for unskilled workers in countries where the majority of voters is skilled.Selective immigration policies, multidimensional voting, Condorcet winner
Who Contributes? A Strategic Approach to a European Immigration Policy
According to the Lisbon Treaty the increasing cost of enforcing the European border against immigration shall be shared among the EU members. Nonetheless, the Treaty is rather vague with respect to the "appropriate measures" to adopt in order to distribute the financial burden. Members who do not share their borders with source countries have an incentive to free ride on the other countries. We study a contribution game where a northern government and a southern government minimize a loss function with respect to their national immigration target. We consider both sequential and simultaneous decisions and we show that the contribution of both governments is positive when their immigration targets are not too different. We show that total contribution is higher when decisions are simultaneous, but the conditions for both contributions to be positive are less restrictive in the sequential framework.Policy making, Government expenditures, Local government expenditures, Federalism
Aggregate Employment Dynamics and (Partial) Labour Market Reforms
European labour markets have undergone several important innovations over the last three decades. Most countries have reformed their labour markets since the mid-1990s, with the liberalization of fixed-term contracts and temporary work agencies being the common elements to such reforms. This paper investigates the existence of a change in the dynamic behaviour of the aggregate employment for major European Union countries - France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. According to our results, partial labour market reforms have made the response of the aggregate employment to output shocks larger and quite comparable to that found for the UK - the most flexible labour market in Europe since the Thatcher reforms.labour market deregulation; dynamic responses
High-energy string-brane scattering: leading eikonal and beyond
We extend previous techniques for calculations of transplanckian-energy
string-string collisions to the high-energy scattering of massless closed
strings from a stack of N Dp-branes in Minkowski spacetime. We show that an
effective non-trivial metric emerges from the string scattering amplitudes by
comparing them against the semiclassical dynamics of high-energy strings in the
extremal p-brane background. By changing the energy, impact parameter and
effective open string coupling, we are able to explore various interesting
regimes and to reproduce classical expectations, including tidal-force
excitations, even beyond the leading-eikonal approximation.Comment: 40 pages, 5 figures, v2: minor corrections, new appendix with a
discussion of the Feynman diagrams contributing to the scattering amplitude
in the field theory limi
Aspects of Land Take in the Metropolitan Area of Naples
Land take is a phenomenon of great concern
nowadays because of the large number of its negative
impacts regarding biological, economic and social
balance. In Italy, the development of urban and other
artificial land has been irreversibly transforming a nonrenewable
resource such as soil, regardless the almost
constant population rate, with different speed
depending of the region considered. The aim of this
paper is to analyze the phenomenon in the
metropolitan area of Naples, which is an area highly
affected by territorial aggression of human matrix. The
data used are both by the Institute for Environmental
Protection and Research (ISPRA) Report 2015 on the
usage of the land and by ISTAT relating to the
resident population up to the 1st of January 2015 and
the extension of land for agricultural use (Census
2010). The mathematical combination of this data
creates a new indicator that can be referred to as
“residual land”; this residual area is of great extension
with many different characteristics and it could
represent the area where the phenomenon of land
take most occurs. The identification, measurement and
analysis of “residual land” provide new insights on the
evolution of land take and this new indicator can
represent a critical element to work on to prevent
future land transformation and protect natural and
agricultural areas within the Italian context
Production and reuse of waste in rural area with high density of greenhouse
Agricultural activities cause the production of considerable amounts of waste sometimes dangerous that must be properly handled to avoid negative impacts on rural areas and on agroecosystems. The estimation of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of agricultural waste products and the capacity of rural land of transposing organic matter deriving from the processes of composting, is a key point for the planning and management of the waste integrated cycle. The aims of this study are the evaluation of the quantities of various types of agricultural waste on territorial scale, the amount of compost that can be used in rural areas affected by different cultures and the effectiveness of community composter in the treatment of vegetable agricultural waste for the production of green composted soil. These assessments were carried out in an area of study characterized by a high spatial density of greenhouses. The methodological procedure used is based on the use of agricultural waste production coefficients and maximum application rates of compost for cultivation. The results show the role and potential of the agricultural areas in the waste cycle from production to the potential reuse of recovered material
Acrocyanosis, digital ischemia and acronecrosis as first manifestations of endometrial adenocarcinoma: case presentation and literature review
The association between digital ischemia and cancer is rarely reported in literature and the exact
mechanism of this occurrence has not been completely understood. We report here a case of a 73 yearold
woman who presented digital ischemia as first manifestation of endometrial adenocarcinoma.
Reporting this rare clinical case and with a brief literature review, we recommend to consider an intensive
search for primary and metastatic cancer in all patients who experience a digital ischemia, with the aim
to early detect and treat the disease
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